Yes, if the initial ORF raw score yields a decimal, round up or down as appropriate. The test can be taken by children and adults from age four to 85. *Cost per usage between $.66 and $.88 depending on volume discounts. Interpret the Math Problem Solving subtest using standard scores and percentile ranks. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". The original . These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The WIAT III includes the following sub-tests and observations: The WIAT is commonly used in clinical psycho-educational and neuropsychological evaluations and in research across populations. We will update you as soon as the item is back in our stock. The WIAT-4 Dyslexia Index: Grades PK3 includes two subtests: This composite is available for students in Pre-kindergarten through Grade 3. Wechsler Individual Achievement Test- Third Edition (WIAT-III)where is the IQ in composite scores, Total Reading SScore 81 10%Basic Reading SScore 83 13%Comprehension SScore 81 10%Written Expression SScore 81 10%Mathematics SScore 92 30%. A training consultant will contact you to coordinate your training. Crawford is a Nationally Certified School Psychologist working within the intermediate unit. This . - 198.72.126.3. The addition and subtraction sections can be administered to students in first through twelfth grades, while the multiplication section is for third through twelfth grades. This section is broken into three parts (addition, subtraction, and multiplication) and are the third, fourth and fifth math subtests on the WIAT-III. Students who perform poorly on this subtest may have a difficult time reading. Scores in each of these domains are then combined to provide an overall achievement sore. Please visit our International Contacts Page to find where you can order from. Privacy Protected - We do not sell or share your information with anyone.By submitting you agree to TestingMom.com's terms of use. Includes Stimulus Book (Digital), Audio Files (Digital), Q-global Manual (Digital), 25 Record Forms (Print); once ordered, the digital assets are accessible by logging into Q-global and visiting the Q-global Resource Library. The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-III (WIAT-III) is a standardized academic achievement test used to measure previously learned knowledge in the areas of Reading, Written Language, Mathematics, and Oral Language. . Volume 17, Issue 3, 2010. So, what is a good score on the Wechsler Intelligence Achievement Test? The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is an intelligence test which determines an individual child's IQ, or intelligence quotient. It does not store any personal data. KTEA Comprehensive w Fo!}$|M@Mm\W7i_^Xgdb ) < *Cost per usage between $1.00 and $1.50 depending on volume discounts. Results obtained from the WIAT-III can be used to: a. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAISIV) is a comprehensive clinical instrument for assessing the intellectual abilities of older adolescents and adults. Why are some subtests and composites omitted from the AAD table in the manual and the AAD section of the score report? In terms of reliability, internal testing consistency falls between 0.8 and 0.98. Updated achievement test for use in a variety of clinical, educational, and research settings, Paper-and-pencil or online administration, Q-interactive Web-based Administration and Scoring, Q-global Scoring & Reporting or Manual Scoring, Varies by grade level and number of subtests administered. Springer, New York, NY. Subtraction math fluency The subject has a sixty-second-time limit to solve written subtraction problems. Will there be a validity study with the WIAT-4 and the WAIS? Administration: Paper-and-pencil or online administration. By default, the WIAT-4 audio files are organized into folders by subtest. Enjoy automated scoring of the Essay Composition subtest! How are the Oral Discourse Comprehension audio files organized? Mispronouncing, omitting, and/or adding words lower the score. For instance, if there is a 60 in this area, you will know that they did better than 60 percent of the other test takers. A complete guide is included for Phone: +1 (800) 627-7271 jn09!NqB\BB7 } Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Achievement (2 -89) Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-IV (6 to 16-11) Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement(3 - 25) Average scores Achievements tests measure academic abilities, such as reading, writing, mathematics, and language. No, completion times are entered in seconds, disregarding any milliseconds. Expand the Orthographic Processing composite into an extended composite, using the digital Orthographic Choice subtest! Scores/Interpretation: Fall, Winter, and Spring grade-based standard scores, age-based standard scores, percentile ranks, stanines, NCEs, age and grade . A students ability to read fluently, as well as his ability to make generalizations and inferences, can affect the comprehension score. What's A Good Score On The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test? Essay composition The subject is given ten minutes to write an essay. . The WIAT-4/WAIS-V validity study was planned for a release with both new measures at approximately the same time. GeniusTests.com is for entertainment . By submitting you agree to TestingMom.com's terms of use and privacy policy. Efficiently manage your WIAT-4 materials so you can focus on the examine. Scores from 90 to 109 are average scores. %PDF-1.3 The included Dyslexia Index Scores support efficient, reliable screening. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. For example, teach the student to take notes or highlight key concepts while reading to improve understanding. This approval level enables you to buy our assessments requiring A or B qualification levels. For score interpretation on the WIAT I would recommend reaching out to the psychologist that administered the test. Wechsler Individual Achievement Test - 2nd Edition (WIAT-II) - SUPERSEDED October 9, 2018 Commercial Test Admin Wechsler Fundamentals: Academic Skills - Canadian (WF: AScdn) Body Esteem Scale for Children/Adolescents and Adults Search the PRC Search site search button LINKS Test Reservations / YUPC Loans Department of Psychology Staff Login The Iowa Scale uses the child's IQ and out-of-level achievement test scores, along with dozens of other factors from size & age to school & parent support for acceleration, to determine . Percentile ranks indicate how well the person performed in comparison to same-age peers. All rights reserved. There are some minor differences between the WIAT in the US compared to the UK. The detailed breakdown of how each of the 16 subtests make up the 8 different scores can be seen in the image below. Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Fourth Edition (WIAT-4), coming fall 2020, expands upon the . Woodcock Reading Mastery Tests | Third Edition, Wide Range Achievement Test | Fifth Edition. Learning disabilities are most often found in these subjects. To be qualified to administer, score, and interpret the test, a professional should have experience with psychological or educational testing, administering assessments, and administering assessments to individuals similar to those in the . Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology pp 26812682Cite as. It generates a Full Scale IQ (formerly known as an intelligence quotient or IQ score) that represents a child's general . The subtests involved in the test include: All of the math-related subtests content are based on the grade and ability of the test subject. Oral expression The subject has to verbalize the concepts of pictures they are shown and says words from given categories and repeats sentences. When interpreting the WIAT-III, you must understand what each subtest assesses, especially the reading and math. The Word Reading subtest assesses a students ability to read familiar and unfamiliar words. The WIAT stands of the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test. Wechsler Individual Achievement Test | Fourth Edition: Dyslexia Index Choose from our products Kits Starter & complete kits, print & digital 1 option from $215.00 Test forms & reports Booklets, record forms, answer sheets, report usages & subscriptions 1 option from $59.40 Support materials This subtest contains graphs, charts, units of measurement, and pictures to aid in problem solving. that psychologists wishing to interpret WIAT-4 composite scores limit those interpretations to just a few in the mathematics and reading domains. Never fear, the WIAT-4 cutout characters are here! In addition, many students, especially in the early grades, hand write essays in school, so this method has ecological validity. See theQ-interactive pricing tabfor more information on license options. The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test- 3rd Edition The WIAT- lll is a standardized individually administered measure of achievement and functioning that examines performance in the areas of Reading, Mathematics, Written Language, and Oral Language. Automated scoring is more consistent but just as reliable as hand scoring. Please note that the item can still be purchased. Fall, Winter, and Spring grade-based standard scores, age-based standard scores, percentile ranks, stanines, NCEs, age and grade equivalents, and growth scale values. 4 0 obj The final course of this curriculum includes how to score using the Q-global platform. To be successful, individuals must have a solid understanding of letter sounds and phonics skills. The Math Problem Solving subtest assesses math reasoning skills, mainly the ability to solve word problems. Reports include Score Summary, subtest Comparisons, Achievement/Ability Comparisons; Parent report available. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 2023 GeniusTests.com. The Wechsler Individual Achievement TestIII (WIAT-III) is a standardized academic achievement test used to measure previously learned knowledge in the areas of Reading, Written Language, Mathematics, and Oral Language. Participants will learn to use WIAT-4 data to identify the nature of an examinees reading difficulties and the interventions that are indicated based on the examinees scores. @#w 0HD&:jTI v[t )~EM7=P0 **(z [-kp!Dep|)e @$Do]>i8dLQG_8n1ZC0re(Fu*qUI,Fb/n $, -%y1J1d%*( B@}&%sGdN)$qlnW&YW?F#)`WQi(\ {9Cw@|_ |B5C6iv1i+Rt5-ZvB 4F1?>P^2@JVOK;U o HlACr %\R9HB\]_|mV3Y~a6c"Z$i! The average score for all tests and subtests is 100; thus, a score of over 100 is above average and below 100 is below average. Using sample data, the presenter will demonstrate how to apply the scoring criteria to derive the raw score for the subtests. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV) is an IQ test that is given by psychologists and measures global intellectual functioning. (2011). Other scores are the Age Equivalent and Grade Equivalent scores. The WISC-V takes 45 to 65 minutes to administer. Achievements tests measure academic abilities, such as reading, writing, mathematics, and language. Annual Q-interactive licenses can be purchased using ouronline order formor by calling Customer Support at 1-800-627-7271. However, examinees are permitted to skip an item, if needed, as indicated in the administration instructions. Standard scores allow us to compare how a person performed on two different instruments relative to the population. Illegible words should be clarified following the guidelines provided in the manual. GeniusTests.com is an independent site that is in no way affiliated with, sponsored by, or otherwise associated with any official high intelligence organization. Age ranges are represented by the year number of the child followed by how many months after . Interpret the Early Reading Skills subtest using standard scores and percentile ranks. Were the most recent norms used? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. One of the most common tests used is the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test: Third Edition (WIAT-III). Did the Essay Composition scoring rules change from WIAT-III to WIAT-4? The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is an IQ test designed to measure intelligence and cognitive ability in adults and older adolescents. youre not statistically inclined, thats quite high. Spelling The subject spells specific words from sentences that are dictated to them. Mental measurements yearbook, WIAT-II (2 reviews). The skills tested are listed below: Reading: Word Reading Reading Comprehension Pseudoword Decoding Mathematics: Numerical Operations Mathematics Reasoning Standalone report or part of a comprehensive WIAT-4 evaluation report Efficiently manage your WIAT-4 materials so you can focus on the examine, Files are organized in standard administration order when sorted alphabetically, Files that may be used for more than one item will be named accordingly (e.g., Item 08_09), Files are organized into subfolders, by section, to align with Phonemic Proficiency discontinuation rules, Files for the demonstration items appear first in each section's subfolder and are followed by the remaining items for that section listed in administration order. In March 2018, a normative update was published for the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children-4th Edition. Students with lower scores on this subtest have weak reading-readiness skills and should continually be exposed to reading activities, such as having an adult read to them. The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test - 3rd Edition . Pearson Clinical India Product Quick Reference Guide. We have practice for other tests as well. Updates to support EHCP, DSA and AA requirements, and best practice: New UK norms from 4:0 - 25:11 years; Upwards extension of UK norms to 25:11 years; Standard scores for all subtests; Comparisons with Wechsler ability scores Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. For older students, it also measures basic algebra and geometry skills. Where Can I Take an Official Intelligence Test. This may adversely affect all areas of academics. Price includes up to 40 people per session. Applied Psychology and Counselor Education, University of Northern Colorado, McKee 248, Box 131, 80631, Greeley, CO, USA, You can also search for this author in Guidance for score interpretation following a period of educational disruption is included in the WIAT-4 Technical & Interpretive manual, and on the Pearson telepractice website under Resources. Part of Springer Nature. RTI Tiers: RTI Levels 2 and 3. The WIAT is focused on academic skills as opposed to measuring intelligence. WIAT-4 telepractice guidance documents are provided here. Mean scores This 3-hour session covers the criteria used to score the WIAT-4 Sentence Composition and Essay Composition subtests. Wechsler Adult Intelligence ScaleFourth Edition, 216. ?/.wMM{7={=Smn]JDoSUCy{_0}S.urtS7dsS6p]]yqS~)x8g0U5M{XMySuXrnwwDk*ypa8=g|qow]6-aV_o]\riEROE4v+ %`WW3D)NRT$Z,QQvtf8j{eW{xk_9{##!`Aum~-9h[p1QI]] ml6&K*q2V(G6.R+z? The WIAT-4 Dyslexia Index: Grades 412+ includes three subtests: This composite is available for students in Grades 412 as well as adults up to Age 50. Subject abilities are depicted using standard scores and percentile ranks. One of the most common tests used is the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test: Third Edition (WIAT-III). Use of WASI-II. Students who perform poorly on this subtest have weak reasoning skills. To get started with all of the WIAT testing material offered by Testing Mom, check out our 100 Free Questions. The correlations between some of the WIAT-4 scores and the ability scores are too low to support the AAD predicted-difference analysis. Another section of this subtest requires the subject to construct meaningful sentences using a required set of words. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The presenter will describe the WIAT-4 relative to its predecessor (WIATIII) focusing on updated norms, new subtests and composites, revised subtests with new items and improved content coverage, updated artwork, and modifications to administration and scoring procedures. The final course of this curriculum includes how to score using the Q-global platform. Achievement testing must be administered and interpreted by qualified individuals, such as the school psychologist. Your child's test scores are only one part of the evaluation results. Superior scores range from 120 to 129 and anything over 130 is considered Very Superior. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is an individually administered intelligence test for children between the ages of 6 and 16. The student sample consisted of 33 males and 15 females, all attended schools in a midwest, rural school system. Report: It usually looks at three intelligence quotient (IQ) scores: verbal IQ, performance IQ, and full-scale IQ. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fifth Edition Integrated (WISC-V Integrated) is a collection of tests, procedures, and scores that expand the utility of the standard WISC-V subtests. The Wechsler Individual Assessment Test is a bit different than some of the more frequently referenced Wechsler Tests. Quickly acquire the knowledge and skills you need to confidently administer, score, and interpret the WIAT-III and KTEA-II Essentials of WIAT-III and KTEA-II Assessment is the only resource providing practical, step-by-step instruction in the accurate and effective use of the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Third Children and adolescents are often given the WIAT in order to identify areas where they may struggle or excel at in school. It was developed in 2002 and is the latest version of the first Wechsler achievement test (WIAT). The Stimulus Book and Manual are view-only digital files; the Audio Files are downloadable. This is similar to other intelligence tests such as the Stanford-Binet and Wechsler Intelligence tests. If you want to add the WIAT-4 to your account, visit ouronline order formand select the "Add test(s) to existing account" option. Training orders will be processed within 5-7 business days of order placement. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in The following training events are available for WIAT-4 Dyslexia Index Scores. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Interpret the Oral Reading Fluency subtest using standard scores and percentile ranks. Correlations lower than .40 are not reported to prevent prediction based on variables with a relatively weak relationship, which will lead to a strong regression toward the mean effect. A combination report of the Wechsler IQ and WIAT test results can be generated. The qualitative ranges given in this article are incorrect. It was developed by Dr. David Wechsler (1896-1981), who was the chief psychologist of New York City's Bellevue Psychiatric Hospital. Wechsler Individual Achievement Test III (WIAT-III) are trademarks of Pearson Education, Inc or its affiliate(s), or their licensors. The tests and assessments named on this site are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective publisher(s), or their affiliate(s), or their licensors. A Pearson expert will meet with participants to address follow-up questions and support specific assessment-related needs. The WIAT and WJ-R were administered in counterbalanced *order. Designed to provide in-depth information in an easy to use reference format, the book provides guidelines and tips for administration, scoring, and interpretation that go beyond the information provided in the test manuals. The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT-4) is the latest iteration of a popular instrument that psychologists employ to assess academic achievement. However, WAIS-V data collection was paused due to the pandemic and became out of sync with the WIAT-4 release. The Pseudoword Decoding subtest requires students to apply phonics/sound awareness to decode nonsense words, such as ib or ak. Students who perform poorly on these subtests need to continue practicing word identification and phonological awareness. Enhance your WIAT-4 results by co-administering other achievement measures, such as the KTEA-3 Rapid Automatic Naming subtest. Enhance your WIAT-4 results by co-administering other achievement measures, such as the KTEA-3 Rapid Automatic Naming subtest. Identify academic strengths and weaknesses of a student. The WIAT give a summary of function in common school subjects like reading, math, written language, and oral language. The scores from all subsets are then combined to form a Full Score Intelligence Quotient (FSIQ) Score. For all official Wechsler materials, visits Pearson Clinical. Suitable for use in a multitude of settings and available to a wide array of professionals, the newest edition of the WIAT has some exciting updates to help you identify what support they need to achieve more. Examiners should not attempt to score essays that are written in a language other than English, incomprehensible essays (e.g., essays with a high number of severely misspelled words), or essays that are completely off topic (i.e., the examinee did not follow the instructions). Training dates are scheduled 4-6 weeks from order placement. Form, and the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT-III). The PSW analysis uses the reliability of the measures, which are available for both tests. Earn money by contributing to product development, Booklets, record forms, answer sheets, report usages & subscriptions, Manuals, stimulus books, replacement items & other materials, All tests & materials offered for WIAT-4 Dyslexia Index. /sh/-/ell/ is shell), and letter identification. This 3-hour session provides a basic overview of the WIAT-4. The audio files are complete; however, some multimedia applications trim slightly into a track to allow smooth transitions. See theQ-interactive pricing tabfor more information on license options. Interpret the Math Fluency subtests using standard scores and percentile ranks. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for ChildrenFifth . Key Information Product Details Resources Q-interactive Overview: Updated achievement test for use in a variety of clinical, educational, and research settings The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test assesses achievement in students in grades K-12, with subtests in reading, mathematics reasoning, spelling, reading comprehension, numerical operations, listening comprehension, oral expression, and written expression. The average score, like the other Wechsler tests, is 100, with a standard deviation of 15. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Thus, typically strong concurrent relationships with aca- A description of each test, scores reported in Standard Scores (SS) and Percentile Rank . "Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-III: What is the 'Gold Standard' for Measuring Academic Achievement?" The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> These include language, reading, written expressions, and mathematics. Wechsler Individual Achievement Test Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, 2 nd ed. In 10 to 20 minutes or less, practitioners can obtain a Dyslexia Index score to screen for dyslexia and identify individuals who may benefit from a comprehensive evaluation or a more intensive intervention approach. For example, 152.39= 152 and 155.59 = 156. TestingMom.com is not affiliated with nor related to Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates (Pearson). Price includes up to 40 people per session. (WIAT-II), The Psychological Corporation, 2001. bat and bike both begin with the /b/ sound), phonological segments (i.e. For example, a standard score on an IQ test of 100 is average, but a standard score on a test of reading of 80 is below average (assuming they both have a standard deviation of 15). The current version of the Wechsler, the WISC-IV, is a strong test for verbally gifted children, with emphasis on knowledge gained from reading. A single score such as the Dyslexia Index is not sufficient to diagnose dyslexia. This Q&A session supports participants who have attended a previous training or are familiar with the assessment. Why do the WIAT-4 audio files sometimes sound cut off or incomplete? On the current version of the WAIS, test scores that fall between 90 and 110 are considered average intelligence. If youre not statistically inclined, usingCronbachs aIphaas a guide tells us that these results range from good to excellent in terms of reliability. Pearson does not sponsor or endorse any TestingMom.com product, nor have TestingMom.com products or services been reviewed, certified, or approved by Pearson. Achievement Tests. The WIAT-4 scoring rules are based on the (unchanged) Grammar & Mechanics score from the WIAT-III, which correlates strongly with overall writing quality and has high clinical sensitivity. disabilities with the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT) and the Woodcock-Johnson Psychoeducational Battery-Revised Tests of Achievement (WJ-R). The test is often used to assess students for entrance into gifted programs or to screen potentially gifted students for further testing. These are the third and fourth reading subtests on the WIAT-III and can be administered to students in first through twelfth grades. For example, if you have a 12-year-old taking the test, they may get an age equivalent of 13 or 14 instead of 12. When calculating the Oral Reading Fluency completion times, are milliseconds considered? Individuals trained in the use of cognitive tests should be able to complete an assessment without making administrative, scoring, or recording errors. 2 Tell us about your experiences with this test. Earn money by contributing to product development, Booklets, record forms, answer sheets, report usages & subscriptions, Manuals, stimulus books, replacement items & other materials. b. The test covers four basic parts and within those parts there are nine sub-tests. The examiner is not permitted to read the target words for the examinee. What IQ Score Gets Me Into a High IQ Society? The administrators then use these scores to interpret performance by noting and comparing the following, noting the pattern of strengths and weaknesses: *Note: The WIAT is an achievement test that measures how an individual is doing in areas of academic work. Individual achievement test scores also become less useful as the grades increase, since college bound kids are taking higher level courses much earlier than the average high school graduate. This is given in a percentage and shows how the test taker scored against his or her peers. Test scores can range from 40 to 160, though in the standardization sample performed in the United Kingdom, 95% of participants scored between 70 and 130. Any child might score slightly higher or lower if tested again on a . As such, since that time, evaluators are required Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children | Fifth Edition, Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement | Third Edition: Dyslexia Index. WIAT-IIIA&NZ Score Report ID: ID268 16/08/2015, Page 2 Sarah Sample SAMPLE Reading comprehension The subject reads short passages and answers open-ended questions. Privacy Statement |HealthMeasures | Vulnerability Disclosure Policy | NINDS CDE Accessibility Policy. The WISC-IV is an individually administered assessment containing fifteen subtests that provide a comprehensive assessment of intellectual ability. Phone: +1 (800) 627-7271 Once ordered, the digital asset is accessible by logging into Q-global and visiting the Q-global Resource Library. Training orders will be processed within 5-7 business days of order placement. Includes Administration Manual (Digital), Scoring Manual (Digital), Technical Manual w/ Norms (Digital), Stimulus Book (Digital), Oral Reading Fluency Booklet (Digital), Progress Monitoring Assistant (Digital), Error Analysis Worksheets (Digital), Graphical Profiles (Digital), Analysis & Comparisons Forms (Digital), Subtest & Composite Score Computation Forms (Digital), Response Booklet (Digital), Audio Files, Includes Administration Manual, Scoring Manual, Stimulus Book, Oral Reading Fluency Booklet, USB drive w/ Digital Resources (Technical Manual with Norms, Audio Files, Progress Monitoring Assistant), 25 Record Forms (Print), 25 Response Booklets (Print), and soft case, Includes unlimited scoring per user within an account, Includes unlimitedscoring peruserwithin anaccount, Includes Digital Technical Manual with Norms, Audio Files, Progress Monitoring Assistant. If you want to add the WIAT-4 to your account, visit ouronline order formand select the Add test(s) to existing account option. Obviously, if a student cannot read, he will not be able to answer questions about the material. We recommend using Quicktime, iTunes/Apple Music, or Windows Media Player for the cleanest, most reliable playback of the WIAT-4 audio files. Top mental health tools all in one place. Please visit our International Contacts Page to find where you can order from. The Wechsler Individual Achievement Test - Second Edition (WIAT-II) - is a comprehensive test designed to assess academic achievement. Students who perform poorly on this subtest need to practice and further develop basic math skills. These changes will come into effect in early November 2022. Essay Composition can be administered at Grade 3, but this subtest is not included in the Written Expression composite until Grade 4. Expand the Orthographic Processing composite into an extended composite, using the digital Orthographic Choice subtest!
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